Comparison of WiFi FTM, GNSS, and optical tracking for relative UAV 3D positioning

Creating accurate and reliable 3D positioning for UAVs in complex environments poses a critical challenge. Technologies like WiFi FTM, GNSS, and optical tracking (such as via the Valve Lighthouse system) offer promising solutions. However, their performance varies a lot between dynamic and obstructed scenarios, like urban canyons, dense forests, or indoor spaces. For example, WiFi FTM provides sub-meter precision for short-range indoor navigation, while GNSS excels in open environments but struggles with signal blockage. Real-world testing is thus crucial to evaluate their accuracy, latency, and robustness under varying conditions, including signal interference, multipath effects, and environmental noise. This requires comparing these technologies in controlled, yet realistic settings.

Goals of the thesis

The goal of this thesis is to conduct a comparative analysis of WiFi FTM, GNSS, and Lighthouse for UAV 3D positioning through real-world testing. By collecting empirical data from controlled experiments, it aims to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of each technology in scenarios such as urban environments, indoor spaces, and dynamic obstacles. Ultimately, the thesis seeks to assess the performance of WiFi FTM for relative 3D positioning of UAVs.

Requirements

• Experience with C++ and micro controller programming

Contact

• J. Bigge
• C. Sommer